Well, first you should be aware that Alpha-lipoic acid is naturally produced in the body.
With a good diet, you should not be short any.
It does assist in the conversion of glucose to energy.
It also acts as an anti-oxidant, able to neutralize free radicals, and as such it can function in both water and fat, as opposed to the anti-oxidants vitamin E (which works only in fat) and vitamin C (which works only in water). It may also be able to regenerate these other anti-oxidants after they have neutralized free radicals.
Although our body makes enough alpha-lipoic acid to supply requirements, you can get some alpha-lipoic acid from diet, including form liver and yeast.
However, supplementation is necessary to get therapeutic dosages.
Now if you want to supplement with it, then there is a does specificity based on the effect you wish to derive.
For use as an antioxidant, a dosage of 20 to 50 mg daily is commonly recommended. Many antioxidant mixtures (and even multivitamins) have this already.
For glucose conversion... as in diabetics, generally 600 to 1200 mg a day.
(and I will say that I have clients who have trouble with energy conversion who are using ALA until their body adapts to the resistance and cardio training and is obviously utilizing energy efficiently...one takes 500 mg/day)
I don't have at my fingers anything specific to sports applications, though I know that work was done with overweight/obese diabetics..or some similar population...so I can't comment on the mechanism being beneficial to us.
The idea is that we should be able to derive a high turnover of glucose to energy...that would make it fat sparing it sounds...though as you note, it should shunt glucose away from storage as fat and toward use.
So, in a highly fed individual, this might be good!
Serious considerations when supplementing with ALA: - Because alpha-lipoic acid may help control blood sugar in diabetics, adjustments may be needed to anti-diabetic medication when using alpha-lipoic acid.
- Abnormal skin sensations have been reported
- Skin rashes have been reported
- Particularly at higher doses (especially intravenous) can cause gastrointestinal upset
- Very large doses have caused serious toxicity in thiamine-deficient animals. People taking high doses of alpha-lipoic acid who are at risk for thiamine deficiency, such as alcoholics, may require thiamine supplementation.