I have a few questions i'd like to clear up

i know protein is crucial to building muscle, and i hear people say you should take your body weight, what exactly does that mean?  i weigh 155, does that mean i should be taking in 155 mgs of protein a day>? 

also, i have trouble motivating myself sometimes to get lifting, so i have a schedule that goes like this...

(i have a bowflex in my apartment, so no need to worry about trips to gyms)

i've been doing my schedule like this - monday (chest) - tuesday (biceps) - wednesday (shoulders) - thursday (triceps - forearms) - friday (back) - saturday & sunday break.  i try and do my abs every other day

now is this alright how i'm doing this?  it's also not so strict with the days, like today i'm doing my chest and it's wednesday.  i made the routine like that because when you do chest you're also doing triceps, and when you do back you're also doing biceps, ect...   - i tried to space it out.

so basically my questions overall.

1. What do they mean by taking in as much protein as your weight. 
2. Should i load up on protein before lifting or just take throughout the day?
3. Is my workout schedule alright, or should i double up bodyareas and have more off days.
4. Can i do abs everyday, or is everyother fine?

to find out how much protein u need subtract ur body weight by 10%.so u need 140-145gm of protein a day.eat high protein foods throughout the day like tuna,eggs,yogurt,or any type of meat.make a schedule to meet ur requirements of 140-145gm of protein a day.u should get some kind of protein product.also find out how much calories u need a day.